Which method of data collection involves using existing data to derive conclusions?

The correct choice involves utilizing existing data to draw conclusions, which is known as secondary analysis. This method is important in community health and population-focused nursing practice because it allows researchers and practitioners to leverage previously collected data to gain insights without the necessity of collecting new data. Secondary analysis can include reviewing health records, data from surveys that have been conducted for other research, or any previously published data that pertains to the research question at hand.

By employing secondary analysis, nurses and public health professionals can efficiently analyze trends, understand health outcomes, or assess the effectiveness of interventions over time. This is particularly valuable when resources for new data collection are limited or when quick insights are needed to inform decision-making processes.

In contrast to secondary analysis, participatory observation focuses on collecting data directly by engaging with the environment of the study population, which is more resource-intensive. Informant interviews involve gaining insights through direct interactions with individuals, gathering first-hand accounts and experiences. Surveys are a method of primary data collection that involves asking questions to gather fresh information from respondents. Each of these methods has its own applications, but secondary analysis stands out for its efficiency in utilizing existing resources.